Belgium’s national flag is a vertical tricolor of equal black, yellow, and red bands, with black at the hoist.
Specification
Article 193 of the Belgian Constitution adopts red, yellow, and black as the national colors. The established flag arranges them as three equal vertical stripes in the hoist-to-fly order black, yellow, and red. A compact 13:15 proportion is traditional, although longer commercial flags are also widespread.
Display colors
HEX #000000 / display referenceHEX #FDDA24 / display referenceHEX #EF3340 / display referenceConstruction notes
Divide the fly into three equal vertical rectangles. Place black beside the staff, yellow in the center, and red at the fly. The constitutional text defines national colors rather than a complete construction sheet, so the display values above are practical screen references.
Historical record
Belgium’s colors derive from the arms of the former Duchy of Brabant. The first flags made during the 1830 Revolution used horizontal stripes; the vertical arrangement soon replaced them. The Constitution adopted on 7 February 1831 established the national colors, and the vertical black-yellow-red form became standard.
Source trail
Belgian House of Representatives: Constitution, Article 193 ↗
Belgian Foreign Affairs: symbols of the Kingdom of Belgium ↗
Scope of the constitutional evidence
Article 193 of the Belgian Constitution establishes red, yellow and black as the national colors. It does not specify the established arrangement of equal vertical bands in black-yellow-red order, the traditional 13:15 proportions or the screen color values displayed here. The recorded date of 7 February 1831 concerns the adoption of the Constitution establishing the national colors; it should not be read as establishing every construction detail. The traditional format and customary manufacture are distinct: proportions vary in everyday use.
Understanding the traditional construction
The hoist is the edge beside the staff; the fly is the opposite edge. The recorded traditional ratio of 13:15 denotes height to width. Divide the total width into three equal vertical bands, each occupying one third of that width: black beside the staff, yellow in the center and red at the fly. A flag 13 units high and 15 units wide therefore has three bands, each 5 units wide and 13 units high. This explains the recorded traditional format; it is not a manufacturing standard.
Display colors and artwork provenance
The values #000000, #FDDA24 and #EF3340 are this page’s display references for black, yellow and red, not verified physical color standards. The specimen is a visual reference, not a certified production resource. The supplied artwork record contains no creator attribution, license or source URL, so it does not establish reuse rights.