Record / GB-NAT-1801

United Kingdom

The Union Flag / commonly called the Union Jack

NationalEuropeCompound crossApproved geometry
Flag of the United Kingdom
Wikimedia Commons 3:5 asset / approved land form
Quick answer

The Union Flag combines a red upright cross, white and red diagonal saltires, and a blue field. The 3:5 version shown here is the College of Arms form approved for most uses on land.

Specification

The proclamation of 1 January 1801 describes the flag heraldically: the saltires associated with St Andrew and St Patrick are quartered and counterchanged, with the red saltire edged in white, and the red cross associated with St George is also edged in white above them. The proclamation does not prescribe a single ratio.

Land form shown3 : 5
Approved sea form1 : 2
LayersCross over saltires
OrientationAsymmetric

Display colors

BlueHEX #012169 / asset screen value
RedHEX #C8102E / asset screen value
WhiteHEX #FFFFFF / RGB 255, 255, 255

Construction notes

The diagonal red saltire is deliberately offset within its white field. At the upper hoist, the broad white diagonal lies above the red diagonal; reversing that relationship displays the flag upside down. A symmetric red diagonal cross is therefore not a faithful construction.

Historical record

The present composition dates from 1801, when the union with Ireland led to the addition of the red saltire associated with St Patrick to the earlier union design. The College of Arms now publishes approved 3:5 and 1:2 versions for convenient standard use.

Source trail

College of Arms: Union Flag approved designs ↗

College of Arms: Union Flag FAQs ↗